I can’t pretend: I didn’t choose these two books for any particular reason other than I was lent them both at the same time. But a comparison of them struck me as inescapable, so here we are.
Both are stories of “staying on”, in a sense.
Staying On, both set in and written in the 1970s, tells the story of a British couple living in a run-down hotel in post-colonial India – the last of their social group to have stayed behind after independence in 1947. We watch Tusker, a retired army colonel, struggle to fit in to a society which has clearly left his type of people behind, while his wife Lucy pines nostalgically for a Britain (or “Yookay,” as their servant calls it) that she hasn’t seen for forty years. The tone resembles a black comedy and there is an element of the Fawlty Towers-esque about their situation, the absolute peak importance of who will mow the lawn.
River East River West, meanwhile, begins in 2007 Shanghai, where 15-year-old Alva longs for an America she has never seen. The mood here is perhaps more sombre as Alva’s American mother, a failed actress who also “stayed on” after moving to East Asia as a young adult, clearly struggles with alcohol, and a number of bad things happen to everyone in the story. Not least to Alva’s Chinese stepfather, Lu Fang, who was “sent down to the country” along with the other university students in the 1960s – an event which upturned his whole life and from which he has never really recovered.
In some ways, both novels’ Western women protagonists – British Lucy; American Sloan – suffer a strange kind of oppression of privilege. Being white in largely non-white countries, they are treated as movie stars and millionaires, even as they scrabble in the dust for money and security. Though surrounded by company, they seem weighed down by a profound loneliness of never being considered “local”. For the younger Alva, the isolation is all the more piercing: Neither the Chinese kids with whom she shares her school days, nor the American expat community she inveigles her way into, want to claim her as her own. In both stories there is sometimes a feeling less of “staying on”, more of “been left behind”.
We see the blows coming before they land. Reading River East River West, I find myself constantly muttering “oh no” and “oh dear” as the axe begins to swing, nothing too unexpected. And yet the blows still hurt. Even Staying On, which begins at the end – a death on the first page, Agatha Christie-style – was surprising in its emotional poignancy when the end finally arrives for real, bracing for the impact we know must happen because it has already happened.
In the end, one story ends with a coming together; the other with a breaking apart.
As a linguist, an interesting comparison which struck me about these two novels is the way in which the authors handle immersion in their characters’ worlds through incorporating the local language, and how the reader’s understanding of this can influence our own feelings of isolation or involvement in these worlds. For me, not knowing any Hindi, I could sometimes feel a little wrongfooted by the language of Staying On, with its sprinklings of memsahib, mali, malum… – as, presumably, the author intended. River East River West, on the other hand, makes the interesting choice of frequently including actual Chinese writing with no clue as to pronunciation. Which is 没问题 for me (see what I did there), but I imagine could be a jarring experience for non-speakers for Chinese, not knowing how to read aloud words in the middle of a sentence. Encountering this, I sometimes felt like I was in on an in-joke.
In River East River West, too, the Chinese is truly part of the story, the repeated motif of 囚 qiu (“prisoner”, a word made up of a person 人 in a box 口) resurfacing again and again to illustrate how trapped Lu Fang has felt – how trapped they all are, really, in their own lives.
“Could a person live out her life in a foreign country as performance art?” wonders Alva, as she worries that her not-quite-expat not-quite-local life has all been a fake.
But then isn’t all of life anywhere a performance art?
